Bayonet is the Seitengewehr / Modell 71, Imperial German. Originally issued with the Mauser M71, they were replaced by the S71/84 knife bayonet for a short period until the introduction of the French Lebel rifle in 1886 and its long bladed bayonet. It offered the French soldier an advantage in reach over the 71/84. The M71 was re-issued and remained in 1st line issue until the introduction of the Gew 98 and the S98 bayonet.
He is Landsturm, and they had no peacetime training requirements, this must be a wartime photo. The ammo pouches, judging by the size looks more like 45 round capacity M1895's, no?