Introduction of the chin strap for the foot artillery?

Sandmann

Well-known member
Dear fellow forum members,
I was just browsing through my books on uniforms and pickelhauben again and noticed that the book “Die Deutsche Artillerie” (The German Artillery) states that the chin strap for foot artillery was introduced as early as 1887.
According to the AKO of March 3, 1887, however, the M1887 helmet and chin strap was only introduced for the “infantry.”
IMG_0446.jpeg
Furthermore, according to the AKOs, the chin strap wasn’t introduced for the artillery, cavalry, and Train before May 18, 1894.
IMG_0447.jpeg
However, I have also seen photos in which pioneers are wearing the M1887 helmet. An introduction for the “infantry” could therefore also have meant that the chin strap was actually introduced for all foot troops in 1887. The clothing regulations of 1893 also indicate this, because according to them, the only difference between the helmet for the „infantry“ and the “foot artillery” at that time actually was the spike and the ball top. Nevertheless, this is somewhat relativized, as the text passage about the chin straps states: "Anstelle der Kinnriemen treten bei einzelnen Truppenteilen Schuppenketten aus flachen … Schuppen aus Messing“ (“Instead of chin straps, some units use flat ... brass chin scales”). The affected units won't be covered here any further and have been kept very general.

Well, I have never seen a M1887 or M1891 artillery helmet and would like to know what you think about this. Was the chin strap for foot artillery introduced in 1894, as described in the AKOs, or did foot artillerymen wear a chin strap before?
Do you by any chance have photos of a M1887 or M1891 foot artillery helmet? Or do you have photos of the period between 1887 and 1893 showing foot artillerymen and on which you can see if a chin strap was worn? I would be really interested to know if anyone has such photos or knows of any photos that clearly show it.
It would be great if you could share your opinions on this. Photographic evidences would be even better, of course. I look forward to reading your opinions and thank you in advance for your active participation in this discussion.
 
Hello, from memory, for the enlisted men's uniform (different for officers):

---1871---
-Screw-on chinstrap with a split steel head,
-flat scales for infantry (JR, PB, JB...and Artillery)
-domed scales for mounted troops (DR, UR, HR, TB).

---1882---
-Flat scale chinstrap for the Foot Artillery, then considered infantry (heavy artillery, fortress artillery, position artillery, or siege artillery).

---1887---
-New helmet with 2 modifications: loss of the Perlring on the spike and ball (troop) and modified chin strap attachment for foot troops only, including foot artillery. (JR, PB, JB, F.A etc...) A new fastening system allows for easy interchangeability between the two (the leather strap or the series of brass or nickel silver scalloped bands). The screw is replaced by a hook, onto which a scalloped ring is attached.
N.B. From 1887 onwards, leather strap chin strap for service and campaign, and scale chin strap for parade and rendering of honours.

---1891---
-Invention of the side posts. They were then intended solely for the spiked infantry helmet and the ball-shaped helmet of the Foot Artillery (F.A.).
(The 1887 system was abandoned because the chin strap came loose too easily during maneuvers.) The side post still allows for quick interchangeability of the service chinstrap with the parade one, without risk of losing it during maneuvers. However, the major drawback is that, unlike the 1887 system, the cockades could be lost.

---1894---
-Side post for the cavalry chin strap, which remains with domed scales only (DR, UR, HR, TB, F.A.R... )

---1895---
-New spiked helmet for infantry, and Shako for riflemen and technical troops (without a bourdalou). The new Shako helmets also adopted the side-post design.
Therefore, for foot artillery:
---Slotted head screw chinstrap M1871 and flat scales in 1882.
---Hook chinstrap M1887 with leather strap or flat scales in 1887.
---Side post chinstrap M1891 with leather strap or flat scales in 1891.

Done in one go from memory. I'll correct any errors or misunderstandings, and I'll look for photos. But it won't be easy because the 1887 hook was only used for 3 years and most of the helmets in question were modified with the side-post.
 
Thank you very much for your explanation, Thierry. I really appreciate it. But I’d like to know if anyone ever has seen a helmet M1887 of the foot artillery? I really want to see a modern or contemporary photo of such a helmet. There have to be a photo evidence or a helmet left, right?!
 
Hello Sandy,
I'll look into it, but you should know that Prussian infantry M87s are extremely rare, as they were only in service for three years. From 1891 onwards they were all transformed with the side posts The detail is only visible if the bust and helmeted head are photographed closely. (macro)
Here is the only period photo where we can see an M87 chinstrap; a relic, because the other two are already M91s with side posts.Eisenbahn R  Cie     Sax et Würt.jpg
 
Thank you Thierry.
However, I think I've found my proof. Although it’s no photo proof, the Saxon Clothing Regulations of 1893 clearly shows that the foot artillery wore a chin strap too. Nevertheless, I would still be very happy about photo evidences ;)

Btw, if you are looking just for photos of soldiers wearing a helmet M87, I can recommend the Bundes-Bildarchiv (German national photo archive). These photos are high resolution and there are plenty of good manoeuver photos. I added some links with photos showing soldiers with chinstrap M87. To view the photos you need to register, but it’s for free. If you don’t have one, just register and afterwards you will be able to view the photos in high resolution.

Photos of soldiers with chinstrap M87:

Cool photos of several helmet models:
 
Thanks Sandy, I'll sign up!
For my part, I only have two helmets with this chinstrap:

---One is a "probe" M87 from the Prussian infantry .No more Perlring, hook chin strap, hemmed edge visor, no metal rim.
M87 Bibi TBE.JPG
We can clearly see the M87 tip without Perlring, but still with the vent sealing ferrule.
M87 no Perlring virole fermée.JPG M87 jug vis.JPG
M87 cocarde.JPG
 
---The other is an M95 from LGR109, assigned to 1GBRR109. An old M87 chinstrap has been fitted to it. It's a "ersatz" helmet of mobilization, reassembled with whatever was left over.

My two RIR109s are "hybrids" / M87-91 or M95-87
109R M95 Pte 87 & M91 jug87.JPG
The one on the left is an M95 but it has an M87 chinstrap (reformed in 1914) "ersatz" for mobilization.
The one on the right, conversely, is an M87 (M87 tip without Perlring but with 6 ventilation holes unique to the 109 LGR Baden), rear spine without ventilation flap) modified M91 (chinstrap with post-side M91, metal visor edge trim). etc...

Let's take a closer look at the M95/87 chinstrap. This is the service chinstrap, with a leather strap. (There was the same one but with flat white scales for parades in 1887.
109RJR jug M87.JPG
Curiosity prompted me to perform an "autopsy," and the traces of the old side posts are clearly visible. Note that the nickel silver is consistent. Often, whether it's an M87 or M91 helmet with silver fittings: - nickel silver for the service strap chinstrap, but brass for the scale chinstrap!

109RJR fixation jugulaire M87.JPG109RJR jug M87 à crochet.JPG
As someone curious about spiked helmets like myself, I was delighted by these findings.

I hope you will enjoy it as much as I do.
 
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